Prick on Prick Tests
A prick-to-prick test, also known as a skin prick test (SPT), is a type of allergy test used to diagnose immediate IgE-mediated allergies. Here’s how it works:
SPT is widely practiced and carries very low risk of serious side effects. It provides high-quality information when performed optimally and interpreted correctly. Also called prick skin testing or PST.
Procedure : A small amount of the suspected allergen (such as pollen, dander, foods, etc.) is mixed with liquid to create a solution. Drops of different solutions are placed on the skin, usually on the forearm. A small prick or scratch is made through each drop, allowing a tiny amount of the solution to enter just below the skin surface.
Immune Response : When the allergen is introduced beneath the skin, the immune system reacts by producing antibodies (specifically IgE) to defend against what it perceives as a harmful substance. If you’re allergic to the substance, a reddish, elevated bump with a red ring around it will appear. This bump may be severely itchy. Histamine is released, leading to redness, swelling, mucus production, itching, rash, and other allergic reactions.
Preparation and Interpretation : Prior to testing, provide details about your allergies, symptoms, and triggers. Avoid antihistamines before the test. The test is usually performed on the inside of your arm or on your back. Results are interpreted by a healthcare professional and usually take less than an hour, depending on the number of allergens tested.
Remember that SPT provides information about the presence of specific IgE to allergens and helps identify allergic triggers. If you suspect allergies, consult a healthcare provider for proper evaluation and testing.
